Aiming at a new type of sucker rod damper, a mathematical model of damping force was established, and based on ANSYS CFX and fluid dynamic theory simulation, the effect rule of damping aperture size and annular gap height on the damping force was systematically studied. The results show that when the d0=1 mm,h=03 mm, the maximum damping force is 1431 kN, and when the d0=4 mm,h=05 mm, the minimum damping force is 85 kN; with the increase of the damping aperture and annular gap radial height, the damping force decreases; When the damping aperture is small, the effect of the annular gap height on the damping force is obvious, and when the damping aperture is more than 3 mm, the effect is gradually decreased; When the annular gap height is small, the effect of the damping aperture on the damping force is obvious, and when the annular gap height is more than 04 mm, the effect is also gradually decreased.