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基于二维码识别的分拣机械臂控制系统设计
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北京信息科技大学 自动化学院

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TP241

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Design of Control System for Sorting Manipulator Based on Two-dimensional Code Recognition
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School of Automation,Beijing Information Science and Technology University

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    摘要:

    为了提高物流行业自动化水平,提高物料分拣的工作效率、减少人工成本,设计了一个基于二维码识别的分拣机械臂控制系统。该系统以树莓派作为主控制器,通过OpenCV图像处理、二维码识别、逆运动学求解和六自由度机械臂驱动等环节,实现了根据二维码存储的信息进行物料分拣。为提高二维码识别的准确率,针对二维码图像的磨损、划痕等问题,利用OpenCV对图像进行灰度化、滤波、二值化和闭运算等图像预处理操作;针对二维码位置的随机性和镜头畸变问题,先通过定位算法和透视矫正提取出二维码,再根据QR码结构和编码规则进行二维码译码。为使机械臂平滑稳定运行,逆运动学计算采用简洁的几何法,并在机械臂驱动中加入多路舵机速度控制。实验结果表明,二维码识别率可以达到100%,机械臂能够有效完成自动分拣任务, 具有一定的实用价值。

    Abstract:

    In order to improve the automation level of logistics industry and improve the work efficiency of material sorting、reduce labor costs, the control system for sorting manipulator based on two-dimensional code recognition is designed. This research selects Raspberry Pi as the main controller of the system, which can realize the material sorting function based on two-dimensional code by image processing with Open CV、two-dimensional code recognizing、inverse kinematics solving and driving the six-degree-of-freedom manipulator. In order to improve the accuracy of two-dimensional code recognition, the image is preprocessed by gray-scale、filtering、binarization and closing operation aiming at the wear and scratch problem of two-dimensional code. Aiming at the randomness of two-dimensional code position and lens distortion, the two-dimensional code was extracted by positioning algorithm and perspective correction before it is decoded according to the structure and coding rules of QR code. The inverse kinematics is calculated using simple geometric method and the speed control of multi-channel steering gear is added to the drive of manipulator for smooth and stable operation of manipulator. The experimental results show that the recognition rate of two-dimensional code is 100% and the manipulator can effectively complete the automatic sorting task, thus it has certain practical value.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-01-04
  • 最后修改日期:2024-03-11
  • 录用日期:2024-03-19
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