In view of the phenomenon of oil leakage of shock absorber,a certain type of single-cycle shock absorber was studied,its working principle and structural characteristics were introduced,and its mathematical model was built.In order to make the model closer to the actual situation,considering the more comprehensive influencing factors,the AMESim simulation software was used to establish a 1D simulation model,and the established AMESim model was verified to be reliable.The AMESim model was used to simulate and analyze the external leakage at the guide seat,the internal leakage at the piston and the leakage at the bottom valve. The simulation results show that for the single-cycle anti-snake shock absorber,the tensile and compressive damping forces decrease as the leakage gap between the guide seat and the piston rod increases;when the leakage gap between the piston and the working cylinder increases,the tensile damping force decreases,and the compression damping performance is not affected;when the leakage gap at the bottom valve increases,the compression damping force decreases and the tensile damping performance remains unchanged.