In order to solve the problem of poor global optimization ability and slow convergence speed of sea horse optimization (SHO) in PID parameter tuning,and improve the optimization quality of PID parameters,an improved sea horse optimization (ISHO) was proposed.Tent chaotic mapping was used to increase the initialization diversity of sea-horse populations and improve the convergence speed.The escape energy regulation strategy was introduced to improve the conversion mechanism between global search and local development of the algorithm,so as to improve the global optimization ability of the algorithm.The improved sea horse optimization was compared with the traditional sea horse optimization,Ziegler-Nlichols,gray wolf optimization and particle swarm optimization.The simulation results show that the improved sea horse optimization optimizes PID parameters with the advantages of shorter adjustment time,higher system control accuracy and faster convergence speed,which provides a reference for parameter optimization of PID control system.