The 40Cr steel camshaft sample was processed by swing grinding,and the influence of grinding wheel linear velocity (50 m/s,60 m/s,65 m/s) on camshaft surface roughness,metallographic weaving,hardness and residual stress was analyzed.The results show that with the increase of the grinding wheel line speed,the roughness shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing,the metallographic structure on the surface of the camshaft is basically unchanged,and the surface hardness shows a continuous increase trend;the residual stress in the y direction is greater than that in the x direction,and under the combined action of thermal stress and mechanical stress,the residual stress on the surface of the camshaft shows a trend of increasing first and then decreasing.Taking into account roughness,metallographic structure,hardness and residual stresses,the surface quality of a camshaft with a linear velocity of 65 m/s is better than that with other grinding wheel linear speeds.